This study focused on the identification and evaluation of factors effective on FAMILY DISPUTES in Zanjan province. The research aimed to investigate the factors and parameters that affected the FAMILY DISPUTES in Zanjan province. It was a qualitative study using content analysis. The statistical population consisted the existing files in police counseling and FAMILY counseling centers and also in Prevention Department of Welfare organization in the province. Files study was continued until theoretical saturation was achieved and a total of 90 files had been studied and analyzed.34 indicators as reasons of FAMILY DISPUTES in the files of those who had referred to counseling centers were found. The 34 indicators were aggregated in 10 main final components. The results indicated that the main components of the research found through analyzing the content of the files were prioritized in order as: mental health problems, lack of communication skills, a sense of frustration, violence, lack of commitment and responsibility, economic problems, the betrayal, the problems of the original families, addiction, conflict with children. The results also showed that today's families in the areas of economics, management, communication, FAMILY and faith are at risk.

The main purpose of the study is the analysis of social factors affecting the rate of FAMILY DISPUTES in Bushehr. The method adopted was survey method and the information of 400 families were collected using questionnaires and cluster sampling. The ordinal regression method of Kendall (tau-b) and multivariate regression was used in the analysis and hypothesis testing and the following results were obtained: There are significant relationships between communication skills and the rate of FAMILY DISPUTES, between the level of education in the FAMILY and FAMILY DISPUTES, and between the interference of others and FAMILY DISPUTES.All the above three hypotheses were confirmed by the results. However, the hypothesis of social status and FAMILY DISPUTES were not confirmed.According to the results of the regression, coefficient of determination was (R2=0.378). The coefficient shows that 37.8 percent of FAMILY DISPUTES are related to a change in the above-mentioned four variables. Beta coefficient was used regarding the importance and role of independent variables in predicting the dependent variables. The role of each variable compared to the other variable is respectively as follows.They are communication skills of spouses (-0.635), the interference of others in the life of spouses (0.239), FAMILY social status (-0.089), and the level of education (0.035).Finally, based on the results it is possible to say with 95 percent confidence that there is a significant relationship between social factors and the rate of FAMILY DISPUTES.

The FAMILY is considered as the foundation of human community and the main center of growth and excellence of individuals and according to the based on the tenth principle of Constitution, all laws and regulations and planning should be designed facilitate FAMILY formation and stability of FAMILY relations on the basis of Islamic law and ethics. However, like any other institute, there may be differences in it. In these cases, efforts should be made as much as possible to resolve the DISPUTES in a way that does not harm the valuable position of the FAMILY. In our laws, which are derived from Shiite jurisprudence, there are capacities that both parties can use them to settle their DISPUTES instead of referring to courts. It should be noted that restorative justice, as a paradigms for the peaceful settlement of DISPUTES, tries to draw a reasonable path to settle DISPUTES by engaging the parties in the direction of solving DISPUTES and creating environment for dialogue and compensation; therefore, paying attention to this approach in addressing FAMILY DISPUTES is undeniable necessity. The author in this research, while emphasizing the restoration of FAMILY DISPUTES, examines the effective solutions in settlement of FAMILY DISPUTES.

The focus of this study is primarily on “the discrepancy in mentality as an important factor affecting FAMILY problems and divorce”. For this purpose, some minor studies were conducted each of which experimentally examined different aspects of mental discrepancy in Iranian families. Almost all of these studies showed that permanent DISPUTES and divorces resulted from the differences in their world-views, thinkings, and impressions in their mutual affairs. At last, the theory of Homogamy with two major revisions were used to explain the reasons and causes of FAMILY problems and divorce which were confirmed in minor studies and cases.

FAMILY is the foundation of human society and the main center of growth and excellence of people. However, like any other institution, there may be conflicts and differences in it. In these cases, you should try as much as possible to resolve the DISPUTES in a way that does not affect the valuable position of the FAMILY and the moral rules governing it. In order to strengthen the institution of the FAMILY and reduce the number of divorce cases in judicial authorities, according to the holy religion of Islam, Iran's legislator has provided arbitration in FAMILY lawsuits and rulings related to the conditions of arbitrators in FAMILY lawsuits in the law, and even considering the importance of In some cases, the subject has also specified mandatory arbitration in FAMILY lawsuits. Because the results show that among the laws related to the FAMILY, the provisions related to wisdom or arbitration are also important, because its purpose is the stability of FAMILY relations. In order to achieve the aforementioned goal, which can better ensure the strengthening of FAMILY relations, the legislator has changed the provisions related to arbitration in FAMILY law many times, and this part of our laws has been changing continuously. Therefore, it is necessary to study and examine the conditions and effects of arbitration in dealing with FAMILY DISPUTES.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of transactional analysis on cognitive flexibility and FAMILY functioning in women with marital DISPUTES. The method was experimental (pretest - posttest with control group) and statistical population of the study included all the women with marital DISPUTES referring to counseling centers in Shahrekord City at 2014. Using random sampling, 40 women were selected and then using random assignment were divided into experimental and control groups (n=20). The experimental group received eight sessions of transactional analysis training>Finally the participants in both groups were asked to complete FAMILY Assessment Device (Epstein, Baldwin, Bishop, 1983) and Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (Dennis, Vander Wal, 2009). Data were analyzed by covariance analysis. The result showed significant differences between posttest scores of experiment and control groups in cognitive flexibility and most of FAMILY functions, namely; problem solving, roles, affective, responsiveness, affective involvement, behavioral control, and general functioning (p<0.05) but the difference in the function of communication was not significant. By attention to the effectiveness of transactional analysis training on FAMILY functions and cognitive flexibility, encouraging couples to take part in transactional analysis training workshops could reduce the rate of marital dissatisfaction and improve other aspects of couples’ lives.

Conciliation or mediation has many advantages over other dispute resolution methods. The United Nations has sought to increase the credibility and promote the status of mediation by ratification of the United Nations Convention on International Settlement Agreements Resulting from Mediation (Singapore Convention). In article 1 (2) of the Convention, the FAMILY DISPUTES are excluded from its scope. According to the adhesion of Iran to the Convention, the approach of Iranian law and Imamiah Jurisprudence should be analyzed. This article concludes that the Singapore Convention's approach towards this types of settlement agreements is justifiable because FAMILY matters in different countries are subject to various and different rules and enforceability of the international FAMILY settlement agreements by countries is hard to be accepted. Iranian law attitude toward the international settlement agreements in FAMILY DISPUTES is defensible but lack of support of the internal settlement agreements, despite the Emphasis of Imamiah Jurisprudence, is not acceptable.

The Bible as the main text in Judaism and Christianity has an important role in religious studies. In 20th century, the emergence of new translation theories paved the way for a new approach in Bible translations, based on egalitarian values and principles. Some translators of the Bible tried to reduce the exclusivity and patriarchy in the texts by eliminating the sexist elements, revising the patterns of power and using the inclusive language, according to modern criterion and values. The article, beside a short review of theoretical translation principles, aims to demonstrate the effect of egalitarian thought on bible translations a. it is also intended to clarify how successful the inclusive translations were from the aspect of gender equality.

The topic, “International Settlement of Intellectual Property Dispute”, purely and apart from introduction and definition is categorized into three distinguished parts.Analyzing the historical origin of dispute settlement in intellectual property and its developments is the aim of the first chapter. Precedent survey, i.e. to search for conventions and other international documents generating the right of intellectual property, is the focal point of the second chapter. And the last chapter as the major part of the essay is dedicated to scrutinize dispute settlement procedures in related international documents. In this chapter, the author, referring to Traditional dispute settlement procedures, has focused on Special procedures of WTO’s settlement system as the most imperative dispute settlement procedure of today’s world as a current dominant procedure which applies to one hundred and forty six WTO’s state parties and has concluded that, in future, there will not probably be any International Intellectual Property Dispute, beyond the WTO’s compulsory jurisdiction taking into account the affirmative regulations of the TRIPs agreement.  

Mediation is an alternative dispute resolution, so that by mediation of third party DISPUTES resolved in amicable, mutual and bilateral way. This method resolves DISPUTES out of court called non-adversarial method. Thus, it’s not only free from main procedural deficits like procedure longevity and high expense features but also resolve the dispute in mutual intimate way through satisfaction due to bilateral agreement. This is the most common method in commercial DISPUTES because through intimation resolving the problems and DISPUTES, in turn increase parties bilateral commercial relationships positively In comparison with two methods of negotiation and arbitration as two main amicable methods of problem solving methods it might say that mediation is the climax of amicable agreed resolutions. Knowing mediation, its types and how mediation resolves dispute in particular, in commercial DISPUTES are the main issues studied in this article precisely.